IRC - Frequently asked questions

  1. What exactly is IRC?
  2. What does a client do? What's a server?
  3. What is a channel? How do I join/create one? How do I join multiple channels?
  4. What's a channel operator? How do I become one?
  5. Help! Someone kicked/banned me from a channel. Whom do I complain to?
  6. What commands can I use?
  7. What are channel modes?

1. What exactly is IRC?

IRC stands for the Internet Relay Chat. On IRC, several persons can simultaneously participate in a discussion over a particular channel, or even multiple channels. There is no restriction to the number of people that can participate in a given discussion, or the number of channels that can be formed over IRC.

All conversations take place in real time. That's one of the fortes of IRC, and IRC has been used extensively for live coverage of world events, news, sports commentary, etc. It also serves as an extremely inexpensive substitute for long distance calling. People from all corners of the world can be found over IRC.

2. What does a client do? What's a server?

An IRC client reads in the commands that you give it, and parses them. It filters them and performs the appropriate actions, and if necessary, passes them on to a server. An IRC server can serve many other clients. The server holds information about the channels and people on IRC, amongst other pieces of information. It is also responsible for routing your messages to other people on IRC. The IRC network itself consists of multiple servers which connect to one another in a tree-like fashion (as an undirected acyclic graph to be precise).

3. What is a channel? How do I join/create one? How do I join multiple channels?

A channel is a place on IRC that people can meet and participate in a discussion. channels on IRC are dynamic in the sense that anyone can create a new channel, and a channel disappears when the last person on it leaves. To get a list of channels you may try the command /list. To join a particular channel use: /join #channel_name You can also register a channel to make it permanently yours.

4. What's a channel operator? How do I become one?

When you do a /names #channel_name, the persons with a @ prefix before their nickname are channel operators for a channel. A channel operator can decide who can be allowed to stay on a channel, and the various settings for the channel (such as whether the channel can be made secret, or invite only, etc). A channel operator can pass on the operator status to another person. By default when someone creates a new channel (by simply /join #channel_name) he gets to be the channel operator. A new channel is created by specifying one that doesn't exist in a /list.

So, to become a channel operator yourself, you can either (1) create a new channel , (2) ask an existing channel operator to op you, (3) in some channels ops must be earned so if you are told no upon asking do not push the subject or you may risk being kicked or even banned.

5. Help! Someone kicked/banned me from a channel. Whom do I complain to?

The answer to this question is the current channel operators, and them alone. Given the dynamic nature of channels, channel operators do not need to have a reason to kick you off. They decide what goes on over the channel. Complaining either to IRC operators or to the system administrators about being kicked/banned from a channel is considered extremely childish, and results in no action. IRC operators do not meddle with channel politics - that's the job of channel operators.

Another IRC netiquette is to keep IRC issues within IRC, because system admins have little time to deal with IRC issues and many would rather shut it down rather than deal with problems arising from it. If you should get banned or kicked from a channel, you are always free to start your own channel and decide what is appropriate over it.

Think of channels as houses. The owner of the house can decide to share ownership with someone else or decide to disallow any individual he chooses into his house. In your own house, you call the shots. Feel free to create your own channel, and set up your own rules for it.

6. What commands can I use?

/LIST Lists all current IRC channels, number of users, and topic.
/NAMES Shows the nicknames of all users on each channel.
/JOIN <#channel_name> Join the named channel.
/MSG <nick> <msg> Sends a private message to the specified person. Only the specified nickname will see this message.
/NICK <nickname here> Change your nickname.
/QUIT Exits IRC.
/HELP <topic> Gets help on all IRC commands.
/WHO <#channel_name> Shows who is on a given channel, including nickname, user name and host.
/WHOIS <nick> Shows more info of a particular person.
/PART <#channel_name> Lets you leave the specified channel.
/WHO #channel_name Will list all users on the channel.
/NAMES Will list all users on IRC
/WHO <nick> Shows more info on a particular person.
/WHOWAS <nick> Shows info on a person that has recently left the network
/NOTICE <nick> Lets you send a note to a specific person that only they can see

NOTE: The /who and /whois command switches described here will not work on invisible users not on the same channel as yourself. They will work with a specified nickname ONLY for such users.

7. What are channel modes?

To use these modes in the channel type /mode #channel_name + or - letter

i Channel is invite only
k <key> Adds join key <key> to the channel. Keys can added or removed (MODE <#channel_name> -k ), but not changed
l <number> Channel is limited, where <number> is the maximum number of users allowed
m Channel is moderated (only channel operators talk)
n No MSGs to the channel are allowed from someone outside the channel.
o <nick> Makes <nick> a channel operator
p Channel is private
s Channel is secret
t Topic limits, only the channel operators may change it
v <nick> Gives someone a voice to talk on a moderated channel